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CANADA FROST DATES 2026

Last Frost Dates Canada 2026 — All 36 Cities

From Victoria's March 10 to Sudbury's May 31 — last frost dates for 36 major Canadian cities, organized by province, with links to full planting calendars.

Last frost dates for 36 Canadian cities — seed packets, a spring planting calendar, gardening gloves, and tomato and pepper seedlings on a wood table
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Major city last frost dates 2026

Victoria: March 10
Vancouver: March 15
Toronto: April 20
Windsor: April 20
Montreal: May 9
Ottawa: May 9
Halifax: May 10
Edmonton: May 14
Calgary: May 23
Winnipeg: May 25

Historical averages based on Environment and Climate Change Canada climate normals (1991–2020). Individual years vary by ±2–4 weeks.

📆 Now find out what to plant this week →Pick your city for today's exact start-indoors, transplant, sow & harvest list.

🔔 Want a heads-up before frost hits? Get a free frost alert for your city — one email when frost is forecast in the next few nights, so you can cover your plants in time.

Want the cities ranked by how long their season actually lasts? See Growing Season Length in Canada — 36 cities ranked by frost-free days, from Victoria's ~280 days to Sudbury's ~108.

Planning the fall side of the season? See First Frost Dates Canada — 24 cities by province, from Saskatoon's September 12 to Victoria's mid-December, with harvest deadlines and fall planting windows.

📊 Writers, researchers, and garden clubs: all of these dates are available as a citable frost-dates dataset — one sortable table for 38 cities, with a free CSV download and an embeddable widget.

Last Frost Dates by Province — Full Table

British Columbia

City Last Frost 2026 Zone Season Full Guide
Victoria March 10 8b ~280 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Vancouver March 15 8b ~260 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Burnaby March 15 8a ~245 days Planting calendar →
Surrey March 15 8a ~245 days Planting calendar →
Nanaimo March 20 8b ~240 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Chilliwack April 7 8a ~214 days Planting calendar →
Abbotsford April 11 8a ~204 days Planting calendar →
Kamloops May 4 6b ~158 days Planting calendar →
Kelowna May 5 6b ~163 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →

Alberta

City Last Frost 2026 Zone Season Full Guide
Lethbridge May 14 5a/5b ~135 days Planting calendar →
Calgary May 23 3b ~120 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Edmonton May 14 4a ~132 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Red Deer May 19 4b ~117 days Planting calendar →

Saskatchewan & Manitoba

City Last Frost 2026 Zone Season Full Guide
Regina May 21 3b ~119 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Saskatoon May 25 3b ~110 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Winnipeg May 25 3a ~118 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →

Ontario

City Last Frost 2026 Zone Season Full Guide
Windsor April 20 7a ~190 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
St. Catharines April 15 6b/7a ~196 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Toronto April 20 6b ~197 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Mississauga April 20 6b ~190 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Brampton April 25 6a/6b ~179 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Hamilton April 25 6b/7a ~186 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
London April 22 6a ~178 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Kitchener May 1 6a ~170 days Planting calendar →
Oshawa April 29 6a ~169 days Planting calendar →
Guelph May 7 5b ~150 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Ottawa May 9 5a ~145 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Barrie May 21 5a ~125 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Sudbury May 31 4b ~108 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →

Québec

City Last Frost 2026 Zone Season Full Guide
Laval April 28 6a ~165 days Planting calendar →
Montréal May 9 5b ~150 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Québec City May 17 4b ~133 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →

Atlantic Canada

City Last Frost 2026 Zone Season Full Guide
Halifax May 10 6a ~161 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Charlottetown May 10 6a ~157 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Fredericton May 17 5b ~131 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Moncton May 15 5b ~136 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
Saint John NB May 8 6a ~153 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →
St. John's May 24 5 (oceanic) ~142 days Frost details → · Planting calendar →

Last Frost Date by Hardiness Zone

If you know your Canadian hardiness zone, the dedicated zone canonicals below pool every major city in that zone into one reference — useful when comparing your microclimate to others on the same zone band, or when shopping for variety recommendations sold by zone.

❄️
Zone 3bPrairie continental — Calgary, Saskatoon, Regina, Winnipeg, Brandon
🌲
Zone 4aEdmonton, Saguenay, Sept-Îles, Saint-Jérôme, Quebec City suburbs
🍃
Zone 5bMontreal, Ottawa, Quebec City, Kingston, Peterborough, Fredericton
🌿
Zone 6aHalifax urban, London, Niagara, Brampton, Saint John, Truro
🍁
Zone 6bToronto, Mississauga, Hamilton lakefront, Kelowna, Windsor, Leamington
🌹
Zone 8bVancouver, Victoria BC, Burnaby, Richmond, Surrey, Sidney, Oak Bay

Last Frost Date by Province

For provinces where the within-province frost variation is larger than the average between Canadian cities — Atlantic Canada and the Prairies especially — the province canonicals pool every major city into a single comparison.

🌵
Nova ScotiaHalifax, Sydney, Annapolis Valley, Yarmouth — Atlantic maritime
🌵
PEICharlottetown, Summerside, Souris — Gulf of St. Lawrence
🌵
New BrunswickFredericton, Moncton, Saint John, Bathurst — Bay of Fundy + interior
🌵
SaskatchewanSaskatoon, Regina, Prince Albert, Swift Current, Estevan

GTA Satellite Cities

GTA suburbs and satellite cities with their own neighbourhood-level frost canonicals — lakeshore vs inland, Oak Ridges Moraine elevation, and York/Durham/Halton/Peel Region breakdowns.

🏭
MarkhamApril 28, Zone 6b
🏭
VaughanApril 26, Zone 6b
🏭
Richmond HillApril 28, Zone 6b (Oak Ridges Moraine)
🏭
OakvilleApril 22, Zone 6b/7a
🏭
BurlingtonApril 22, Zone 6b/7a
🏭
AjaxApril 22, Zone 6b
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PickeringApril 22, Zone 6b

How to Use Your Last Frost Date

The last frost date is the 50th percentile historical average — meaning about half of years see the last frost before that date, and half after. For frost-sensitive crops like tomatoes and peppers, always add a 1–2 week buffer beyond the average date before transplanting outdoors.

Starting seeds indoors

Count back from last frost: tomatoes 6–8 weeks, peppers 8–10 weeks, eggplant 8–10 weeks, onions 10–12 weeks. Use the seed starting calculator for your exact city.

Transplanting outdoors

Tomatoes and peppers: 1–2 weeks after last frost. Cucumbers and squash: 1–2 weeks after last frost when soil is warm. Hardy crops (kale, broccoli, lettuce): 2–4 weeks before last frost.

Direct sowing outdoors

Beans, corn, squash, cucumbers: at or just after last frost when soil reaches 15°C. Peas, spinach, carrots, beets: 4–6 weeks before last frost as soon as soil is workable.

Recommended
Frost Protection Blanket

A lightweight floating row cover you drape over seedlings and beds when a late frost threatens — it buys several degrees of protection on cold nights and extends your growing season at both ends.

Check price on Amazon.ca →

Affiliate link — GrowersGuide.ca may earn a commission on qualifying purchases, at no extra cost to you. Learn more.

Common Questions

Are these frost dates the same every year?

The dates shown are historical averages based on Environment and Climate Change Canada climate normals (1991–2020). The actual last frost in any given year can be 2–4 weeks earlier or later than the average. The "2026" in the page title reflects the current season — the underlying climate normal dates are used annually and updated every decade as climate data accumulates. A warm spring can bring the last frost 2–3 weeks early; a cold late spring can push it 2–3 weeks late.

My city isn't on this list — how do I find my frost date?

Use the frost date calculator — it covers hundreds of Canadian cities and communities beyond the 36 major cities listed here. Alternatively, find the nearest listed city in a similar hardiness zone and use a ±1 week adjustment based on your latitude and proximity to large bodies of water (lakes and oceans moderate temperatures and shift frost dates).

What is a hardiness zone and how does it relate to frost dates?

Plant hardiness zones (the Canadian system uses Zones 0–8) are based on average annual minimum winter temperatures — the coldest it gets in a typical winter. Frost dates (last spring frost, first fall frost) are based on the dates of 0°C temperatures in spring and fall. They're related but distinct: Victoria (Zone 8b) has both a mild winter and an early last frost. Ottawa (Zone 5a) has cold winters and a late last frost. Prairie cities often have colder zones than their frost dates suggest because of extremely cold winters (-30°C to -40°C) despite relatively moderate spring and fall temperatures.

Get Your Full Planting Calendar

The frost calculator generates a complete planting schedule for your city — indoor start dates, transplant dates, and direct sow windows for 30+ vegetables.

❄️ Frost Date Calculator 🌿 Seed Starting Calculator 🛡️ How to Protect Plants From Frost

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